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Nav de quotes van Roxy van de site: sargasso.nl
Waar de schrijver nogal simpel verteld dat men zegt dat Borrelia zich verstopt.
Daarom hier een paar voorbeelden:
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immune evasion
Micro-organisms have developed sophisticated methods of facillitating survival in host.
Borrelia, a spirochete bacterium, has evolved many strategies to ensure survival including utilising arthropod salvary protiens [ sialostatin, Sal 15], to assist establishment of infection by inhibiting T and dendric cells [ 16,17]
Borrelia prefers micro-anaerobic environments where the immune surveillance is low, such as the CNS, joint, and skin.
To survive in the host, borrelia has adopted a communication mechanism, quorum sensing to communicate with other bacteria in the colony network [18]
Borrelia can inhabit biofilm with other symbiotic pathogens, and evade the immune system and antimicrobials [19]
It can create and release blebs, encapsulated bits of Borrelia DNA to distract the immune system [20]
Borrelia is a pleomorphic bacterium [ exists as spirocheatal, L-and cyst form] [9], with a very slow replication rate [12-24 h. in vitro] [21]
Borrelia can employ multiple methods of antigenic variation of its outer surface proteins to evade immune detection.
It has 21 or more plasmids which enable it to change antigenicity and adapt its survival in the tick and the host [22,23]
B. hermsii, relapsing fever Borrelia alters its variable outer membrane protein (VMP)regularly which elicits waves of spirocheatemia of different antigen type and as a result prolonged IgM response [25]
Whereas, B.burgdorferi sensu lato employs segmental recombinations which results in a large
mploys segmental recombinations which results in a large number of Borrelia strains each whith different VlsE ( variable membrane protein-like sequence expressed lipoprotein) [24]
These differences can be responsible for sympton variation between genospecies [25,3]
The L-vorm lacks a cell wall allowing intracellular location and evasion of the immune system cystic forms
(intra-or extracellular) that may represent persistent Borrelia infection [9]
The clinical relevance of pleomorphic forms is not well understood [26]
Brazilian Borrelia (Baggio-Uoshinari syndrome) is unusual in that only the L-form has been detected, not a spirochaete [27]
Borrelia has the capacity to move faster than a human neutrophil, the fastest moving immune cell [28] which represents another survival mechanism.
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