Borrelia Miyamotoi

[Roxy]

@VerlorengezondheidM,
Is er bekend of de 'Phelix Phage Borrelia test' onderscheid kan maken tussen de Amerikaanse en de Europese varianten van
B. miyamotoi/Relapsing Fever? Ilads Lyme artsen als R.H testen niet met de test maar met de testen van andere verschillende laboratoria onder andere bij Igenex.

Dr Louis Teulières 1 oktober 2020 - Lyme Disease: Are we looking for a wrong culprit? Tanja Mijatovic van Red Laboratories; Bron https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mr2hKGOjCZM Ilads 12 september 2020; Bron https://www.ilads.org/ilads-conference/ ... se-culprit en Bron https://www.ilads.org/ilads-conference/ ... ecific-pcr
Heeft 60%-70% van de Nederlandse patiënten en of van de leden van de Lymevereniging B. miyamotoi/Relapsing Fever?
Als dit juist is waarom blijven de Lymevereniging en de samenwerkende partner Team Phelix Research & Development; Bron http://phelix.info/en/about/team/ er zo stil over?

Persoonlijk hoor ik weinig Nederlandse patiënten die een positieve uitslag B. miyamotoi/Relapsing Fever met de 'Phelix Phage Borrelia test' hebben gekregen de specifieke klachten van B. miyamotoi/Relapsing Fever noemen. Speurtocht naar broertje van lymebacterie; Bron https://www.rd.nl/meer-rd/gezondheid/sp ... -1.1372383

De ziekteverschijnselen die B. miyamotoi veroorzaakt, zijn vrij algemeen: koortspieken met hoge temperaturen, moeheid, spier- en gewrichtspijn, hoofdpijn en, misselijkheid. „Hoe erg mensen er ziek van worden, weten we eigenlijk nog niet goed. Onze kennis is vooral gebaseerd op de ergste gevallen, de mensen die onder behandeling komen. Onduidelijk is of mensen die niet naar een arts stappen ook deze klachten met koortspieken krijgen. De symptomen kunnen makkelijk worden versleten voor een griepje, want ze zijn weinig specifiek. Sommige patiënten hebben milde schade aan de lever en een afgenomen aantal bloedplaatjes. Die zijn betrokken bij de bloedstolling. Wat de gevolgen van de infectie op lange termijn zijn, weten we niet”, zegt Wagemakers.

Iemand die een infectie heeft met de bacterie B. myamotoi heeft dus geen lyme, stelt Wagemaker. „Je kunt wel zeggen dat hij een borreliose heeft. Lyme wordt veroorzaakt door B. burgdorferi en geeft andere ziekteverschijnselen.”

Zo’n 2,5 tot 4 procent van de Nederlandse teken is besmet met de bacterie. Het percentage wisselt een beetje per onderzoek. „Wij hebben zelf ruim 3000 teken afkomstig van 11 verschillende locaties in Nederland onderzocht en kwamen uit op 2,5 procent. Zo’n 10 procent was drager van B. burgdorferi, de verwekker van de ziekte van Lyme. Dat is aan de lage kant, andere studies komen uit rond de 20 procent.”

Het kan ook zijn dat een teek beide bacteriën bij zich draagt. „In ons onderzoek kwam B. miyamotoi in 4,3 procent van de gevallen voor in teken die ook B. burgdorferi bij zich droegen. Dat was slechts 2,3 procent in teken zonder B. burgdorferi. Dus de teken met een combinatie van beide ziekteverwekkers lijken vaker voor te komen dan met alléén B. miyamotoi.”

[VerlorengezondheidM]

She Tested Negative for Lyme Disease. So What Was Wrong?

Lisa Sanders, M.D.

Only one result was positive — the test for a distant cousin of Borrelia burgdorferi, the bacterium that causes Lyme. It’s called Borrelia miyamotoi, and it causes one of the newest tick-borne diseases. The first cases, in Russia, were reported in 2011. Cases were reported in the U.S. two years later. B. miyamotoi, like Lyme, is carried by the black-legged deer tick, but it’s a much easier infection to get. With Lyme, the tick has to be attached to a body for two to three days before the bug can be transmitted. That’s because B. burgdorferi lives deep in the tick’s gut. But B. miyamotoi lives in the tick’s mouth and can invade the body almost immediately.

Bron: nytimes.com, lees meer

[Roxy]

Frontiers in Medicine
27 oktober 2020
'Borrelia miyamotoi Serology in a Clinical Population With Persistent Symptoms and Suspected Tick-Borne Illness'; Bron https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10 ... 67350/full
Shannon L. Delaney 1,2*, Lilly A. Murray 1,2, Claire E. Aasen 1, Clair E. Bennett 1,2, Ellen Brown 1,2 and Brian A. Fallon 1,2
1 Lyme & Tick-Borne Diseases Research Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
2 New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States

Kort onderzoeksrapport artikel (case study)

Methods
This study included 82 patients consecutively screened for B. miyamotoi and B. burgdorferi antibodies as part of a clinical workup for tick-borne illness at the Columbia University Irving Medical Center from June 2017 to October 2018. Chart review was approved by the New York State Psychiatric Institute IRB. Clinic patients were seeking a second opinion to determine whether their persistent polymorphic symptoms were attributable to tick-borne infection. Patients frequently endorsed chronic symptoms of fatigue, pain, neurocognitive, and psychiatric problems.

Evaluations consisted of comprehensive physician assessments, serologic testing, and questionnaires. The GLP-Q assay was an indirect EIA for detection of antibody to B. miyamotoi, performed at Imugen, Inc. in Norwood, MA. As previously reported, they use the GlpQ gene sequence from B. miyamotoi (GenBank accession number AY368276) as the basis for cloning and expression as a 38-kDa recombinant protein (rGlpQ) (6). B. burgdorferi antibodies were assessed using the C6 peptide ELISA and IgM and IgG western immunoblot. Patients were designated B. miyamotoi positive based on IgG or IgM GlpQ seroreactivity (defined as >1 to the value calculated for the highest result on the standard curve). Patients were designated Lyme-positive if they met 2017 CDC surveillance criteria for definite or probable Lyme disease, having an EM skin lesion or multisystem clinical symptoms with at least 5 positive IgG bands on the Western blot.

Patients rated their symptoms using the General Symptom Questionnaire-30 (GSQ-30), a measure specifically developed to assess multisystem symptom burden in patients with early Lyme disease and post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (12). Patients also completed the Beck Depression Inventory-II, Cognitive Failures Questionnaire, Fatigue Severity Scale, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, McGill VAS Pain Scale, and Zung Anxiety Scale. Mann-Whitney U tests were conducted to compare B. miyamotoi-positive and B. burgdorferi-positive patients on these measures.

Results
Of the 82 patients, 21 (26%) tested positive for B. miyamotoi by anti-GlpQ ELISA; all were IgG positive and IgM negative. Of these 21 patients, five also met CDC surveillance criteria for definite or probable Lyme disease. Of the 61 patients who tested negative for B. miyamotoi, 22 met criteria for definite or probable Lyme disease. The remaining 39 patients tested negative for both B. miyamotoi and B. burgdorferi antibodies.

The B. miyamotoi-positive group reported significantly more sleepiness on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (Md = 9 vs. 4, U = 42.00, z = −2.51, p = 0.01) and significantly more pain on the VAS (Md = 5.80 vs. 2.70, U = 58.00, z = −2.02, p = 0.04) than the group with probable or definite Lyme disease. On the total score and individual item level, there were no significant between-groups differences on the GSQ-30, but the B. miyamotoi-positive group did endorse being bothered more by headaches than the B. burgdorferi-positive group (Md = 3 vs. 2 at a trend level, U = 52.50, z = −1.79, p = 0.07).

Data for B. miyamotoi-positive patients is presented in Supplementary Table 1. Mean age was 34 years. Eight of 21 (38%) reported hospitalization (seven medical and one psychiatric) since symptom onset, three for cardiac and two for neurologic abnormalities. All 21 received prior antibiotic treatment, of whom 20 received at least 2 weeks of doxycycline or amoxicillin. Sixteen of the 21 patients lived in the Northeast/Mid-Atlantic USA. Of the remaining five patients, two lived in California, two lived in Florida, and one lived in Illinois. Of the 82 patients in the study, 80 (98%) had not been previously tested for B. miyamotoi infection. Among the 21 patients positive on the GlpQ ELISA, 18 were also tested using the Lyme C6 ELISA and none were positive.

Discussion
..Given that B. miyamotoi disease is an emerging tick-borne illness, further basic science research and in-vitro models are needed to clarify the mechanisms and optimal treatment of B. miyamotoi disease.

Dr Louis Teulières 1 oktober 2020 - Lyme Disease: Are we looking for a wrong culprit? Tanja Mijatovic van Red Laboratories; Bron https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mr2hKGOjCZM Ilads 12 september 2020; Bron https://www.ilads.org/ilads-conference/ ... se-culprit en Bron https://www.ilads.org/ilads-conference/ ... ecific-pcr
Met de 'Phelix Phage Borrelia test' hebben 60-70% van patiënten uit verschillende landen in Europa en uit de V.S B. miyamotoi?

Methods
Borrelia SL and a specific B. miyamotoi Phages PCR Tests were performed on 2200 samples (all late stage) from various European countries and from USA. All results were verified by sequencin.

Samenwerkende collega Biologix Center - 'Borrelia burgdorferi May be the Wrong Target for Testing and Treatment in Chronic Lyme Disease'; Bron https://biologixcenter.com/lyme-disease ... e-disease/

Results of 27 People with Positive Borrelia-Phage Tests
As seen in Fig. 3 below, many people had one or multiple strains of Borrelia. The vast majority, 52% (14 people) had Borrelia miyamotoi, followed by 42% (11 people) having Borrelia strains that fall under the category of Relapsing Fever group. Relapsing Fever group is illness from one or more of the following strains of Borrelia, B. hermsii, B. recurrentis, B. crocidurae, B. duttonii. After the Relapsing Fever group, 19% (5 people) had Borrelia hermsii, and only one person in the group had
B. burgdorferi.

[Roxy]

LymeMIND 2020 Conference Highlights; Bron https://www.lymemind.org/past-event-2020
5th Annual LymeMIND Virtual Conference 2020 – Looking Towards the Future; Bron https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NxL-DlILArg
Dr Brian Fallon over B. miyamotoi en de bovengenoemde case study; Bron https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10 ... 67350/full

Looking towards the future
Bennett Nemser, MPH, MBA, Senior Program Officer, Steven & Alexandra Cohen Foundation - Brian A. Fallon, MD MPH, Director, Lyme & Tickborne Diseases Research Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center - John Aucott, MD, Associate Professor Director, Lyme Disease Research Center Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Looking towards the Future: Discussion of innovative new projects that will help translate scientific breakthroughs into improved patient care over the next four (4) years.

[VerlorengezondheidM]

9162.full.pdf

Lyme disease and relapsing fever Borrelia elongate
through zones of peptidoglycan synthesis that
mark division sites of daughter cells

(2.1 MiB) 431 keer gedownload

[Roxy]

Spreker Joseph J. Burrascano Jr - Making Rational Choices when Testing for Tick-Borne Diseases - Ilads 2020; Bron https://www.ilads.org/ilads-conference/ ... g-rational

DIVERSITY OF TICK-BORNE PATHOGENS- Need to test for co-infections
In a 2018 study that tested ticks submitted by patients to Igenex, 11.3% contained Lyme Borrelia, 3.4% contained tick-borne relapsing fever (TBRF) Borrelia, 3.3% contained Rickettsia, 2.4% contained Babesia, 2.1% contained Ehrlichia and 0.4% contained Bartonella. A concurrent study in which over 10,000 patient samples tested by Igenex were reported, 37.3% were positive for Babesia species, 32.1% for Lyme Borrelia, 27.7% for TBRF, 19.1% for Bartonella, 16.7% for Anaplasma, 12.8% for Rickettsia and 6.9% for Ehrlichia. Positives were found in patient specimens from nearly every state.

Nederland en België
Publicatie - 'Borrelia miyamotoi in vectors and hosts in The Netherlands'; Bron https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28065617/

Out of 3360 unfed (or questing) nymphs, 313 (9.3%) were infected with B. burgdorferi s.l., 70 (2.1%) were infected with B. miyamotoi, and 14 (0.4%) were co-infected with B. burgdorferi s.l. and B. miyamotoi. Co-infection of B. burgdorferi s.l. with B. miyamotoi occurred more often than expected from single infection prevalences (p=0.03)

Artikel Biowetenschap en maatschappij - 'Koorts na een tekenbeet – soms iets anders dan lymeziekte?' over Borrelia miyamotoi; Bron https://www.biomaatschappij.nl/koorts-n ... ymeziekte/

Publicatie - 'The presence of Borrelia miyamotoi, a relapsing fever spirochaete, in questing Ixodes ricinus in Belgium and in The Netherlands'; Bron https://www.researchgate.net/publicatio ... etherlands

In this study, we show the results of PCR screenings for B. miyamotoi in flagged Ixodes ricinus from Belgium and the Netherlands. B. miyamotoi was detected in nine of thirteen, and three of five locations from the Netherlands and Belgium, respectively. These outcomes indicate that B. miyamotoi is more spread than previously thought. The mean infection rate B. miyamotoi was 1.14% for Belgium and 3.84% for the Netherlands.

Met de 'Phelix Phage Borrelia test' hebben 60-70% van de patiënten uit de verschillende landen in Europa en uit de V.S
B. miyamotoi/Relapsing Fever?

Het zou interessant zijn als een groep andere geaccrediteerde medische laboratoria (ISO 15189); Bron https://www.rva.nl/over-accreditatie/di ... aboratoria de 'Phelix Phage Borrelia test' in een ringonderzoek; Bron https://www.rva.nl/over-accreditatie/di ... nderzoeken kunnen verifiëren en valideren.
Dat kan goed uitpakken maar het kan ook verkeerd uitpakken voor Red Laboratories en het Team Phelix Research & Development; Bron http://phelix.info/en/about/team/ en de samenwerkende partner de Lymevereniging (promoot test). Het kan goed uitpakken en een wereldprimeur gaan worden maar het kan misschien verkeerd uitpakken het hoge percentage doet een beetje denken aan het xmrv/mlv-virus debacle(?) De 'xmrv/mlv test' (met hoog percentage positieven op 'xmrv/mlv') van Red Laboratories bleek bij validatie en verificatie door negen andere geaccrediteerde (ISO 15189) medische laboratoria onjuist en ondeugdelijk te zijn; Bron viewtopic.php?f=38&t=2435&start=90#p26220

De 'wetenschappelijke doorbraak'; Bron https://www.vub.be/pers/persberichten/2 ... dssyndroom en de gemaakte beloften bleken een luchtkasteel te zijn.

“Het lijkt erop dat er voor de naar schatting 17 miljoen CFS/ME patiënten in de wereld nu een einde komt aan een lange lijdensweg inzake de erkenning van hun ziekte,” zegt prof. D.M “De ontwikkeling van gerichte therapieën is al volop aan de gang, zowel in België als in het buitenland.”

De gevolgen voor de patiënten waren dat zij veel geld €340 pér test en de hertesten hebben betaald voor de ondeugdelijke 'xmrv/mlv test' en dat zij op basis van een positieve uitslag een erg kostbare behandeling met antibiotica en toxische omstreden antivirale geneesmiddelen voorgeschreven hebben kregen.
Datzelfde kan het geval zijn bij de Lyme en de mecvs patiënten die op basis van enkel de positieve uitslag op B. miyamotoi/Relapsing Fever met de 'Phelix Phage Borrelia test' een behandeling met zware antibiotica in combinatie met disulfiram en of daspone krijgen voorgeschreven. Tubantia - 'Insectenbeet veranderde leven Almelose Verona (25) dramatisch: ‘Heb altijd pijn’; Bron https://www.tubantia.nl/almelo/insecten ... ~a3d2658b/

Patiënten wordt wijsgemaakt dat B. miyamotoi/Relapsing Fever zeldzaam is; Bron viewtopic.php?f=5&p=26483#p26446 en Bron https://www.adrienneinleven.nl/actuele-situatie.html

mecvs patiënten wordt wijsgemaakt dat de 'Phelix Phage Borrelia test' een doorbraak is en nieuwe mogelijkheden biedt voor de mecvs patiënten; Bron 'Bacteriophage Lyme Test Offers ME/CFS Patient New Possibility'; Bron https://www.healthrising.org/blog/2020/ ... eriophage/
In 2020 blijken mecvs patiënten na jaren lange behandeling met de 'Phelix Phage Borrelia test' (niet gevalideerd, in een lopend (wetenschappelijk) onderzoek) ineens Borrelia en of B. miyamotoi/Relapsing Fever te hebben?

..My wife has been ill for over seven years. She has done countless urine, feces, blood, breath, hair and saliva tests – effectively every available type of laboratory test across two continents. This included tests for Lyme and other tick-borne diseases with a specialist laboratory in the United States (ELISA, Western Blot, PCR, etc.)..

..In March, my wife tried a newly developed blood test for bacteria of the borellia genus by Phelix. The result was *positive* for Borrellia miyamotoi (one of many “cousins” of Borellia burgdorfi, the well-known bacteria that causes Lyme disease)..

..Her test results have shown some abnormalities (e.g., gut dysbiosis, abnormal metabolites, poor mitochondrial function, adrenal insufficiency, impaired T4 to T3 conversion, etc.), but never a pathogen. Like so many people with ME/CFS, she has a complex illness without a clear origin – if only she had an identifiable “bad bug” to explain it all!..

..Her doctor indicated that this pathogen could explain her very severe ME/CFS symptoms. We could hardly believe it!..

..I have learned that the new blood test is a break-through for the tick-borne illness community – and may also be a break-through for some ME/CFS patients..

..Unfortunately, it is very difficult to rid a body of tick-borne bacteria: patients describe months and years of grueling IV and oral antibiotic treatments. Yet we are encouraged by recent trials that have had positive results on defeating “persistent” bacteria based on off-label uses of existing drugs (c.f. dapsone and disulfiram)..

Verificatie en validatie van de 'Phelix Phage Borrelia test' door andere collega geaccrediteerde medische laboratoria (ISO 15189) kunnen duidelijkheid geven over of de test daadwerkelijk goed en betrouwbaar is.

Interessante uitspraken van Joseph J. Burrascano Jr - Making Rational Choices when Testing for Tick-Borne Diseases - Ilads 2020; Bron https://www.ilads.org/ilads-conference/ ... g-rational

Clinicians want guidance in choosing which tests to run and from which labs. This choice should be based upon results of objective validation and proficiency test results, and publications. Labs that do not provide this data should raise concerns.

Thanks to advancements in technology, testing quality has improved over the years. However, approach these new technologies cautiously if data on test accuracy is not provided.

Opmerkelijk is dat er (nog) maar een paar Ilads artsen werken met de 'Phelix Phage Borrelia test'.
Er is geen belangstelling van de andere collega Ilads artsen in Europa of uit de V.S voor de test? Andere bekende Ilads artsen als R.H, B.F, J.B werken met verschillende geaccrediteerde laboratoria als bijvoorbeeld Igenex.
Igenex - CLIA Licensing & Accreditation; Bron https://igenex.com/licenses-certifications/
Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever (TBRF) q-PCR detects the specific DNA of relapsing fever Borrelia group and speciates to B. miyamotoi in human specimens and ticks; Bron https://igenex.com/disease/tick-borne-r ... ever-tbrf/ en andere laboratoria B.F; Bron https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10 ... 67350/full en R.H; Bron https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/9/11/725/htm

[Roxy]

Pubmed
2 september 2020
'Commentary: Borrelia miyamotoi: 43 Cases Diagnosed in France by Real-Time PCR in Patients With Persistent Polymorphic Signs and Symptoms'; Bron https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7492646/
Alex Wagemakers, Hein Sprong, Alexander Platonov, and Joppe W. Hovius

Introduction
Ixodes ticks are the vector of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex causing Lyme borreliosis (LB) and of Borrelia miyamotoi, a relapsing fever Borrelia species causing Borrelia miyamotoi disease (BMD). The latter disease entity was first described in 2011 (1), and its clinical symptoms in patients in Asia, Europe, and the USA mostly consist of a flu-like illness (2). The recent Frontiers in Medicine article by Michel Franck et al. claims to have detected Borrelia miyamotoi DNA in 43 out of 824 French patients with a complex of non-specific symptoms lasting at least 6 months (3). However, we have serious doubts about the author's findings and conclusions. In this commentary, we describe evident shortcomings of this study and urge for a reconsideration of its interpretation and conclusions.

Sequencing Results
..Our request to obtain materials to perform an independent PCR was denied with the argument that blood samples and even DNA extracts were no longer available..

Pubmed
28 februari 2020
'Borrelia miyamotoi: 43 Cases Diagnosed in France by Real-Time PCR in Patients With Persistent Polymorphic Signs and Symptoms'; Bron https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7059645/
Michel Franck, Raouf Ghozzi, Julie Pajaud†, Nadou E. Lawson-Hogban†, Marie Mas, Alexis Lacout, and Christian Perronne

C.P is medeoprichter van Phelix Research & Development; Bron http://phelix.info/en/about/team/
Het zou interessant zijn als een groep andere geaccrediteerde medische laboratoria (ISO 15189); Bron https://www.rva.nl/over-accreditatie/di ... aboratoria de 'Phelix Phage Borrelia test' in een ringonderzoek; Bron https://www.rva.nl/over-accreditatie/di ... nderzoeken kunnen verifiëren en valideren.
Verificatie en validatie van de 'Phelix Phage Borrelia test' door andere collega geaccrediteerde medische laboratoria (ISO 15189) kunnen duidelijkheid geven over of de test daadwerkelijk goed en betrouwbaar is. En of de claim kan worden bevestigd dat er een hoog percentage 60%-70% van de patiënten uit verschillende landen in Europa en uit de V.S B. miyamotoi/Relapsing Fever kunnen hebben?

Geclaimde hoge percentage: Dr Louis Teulières 1 oktober 2020 - Lyme Disease: Are we looking for a wrong culprit? Tanja Mijatovic van Red Laboratories; Bron https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mr2hKGOjCZM Ilads 12 september 2020; Bron https://www.ilads.org/ilads-conference/ ... se-culprit en Bron https://www.ilads.org/ilads-conference/ ... ecific-pcr

[VerlorengezondheidM]

Dr. Paul Duray Research Fellowship Endowment Inc

Cutting-edge research into persistent Borrelia infection

What we discovered in 2015 was even more disturbing.

Borrelia miyamotoi a Relapsing Fever borrelia, was routinely being seen inside human brains. As Alan continued to do his brain autopsy research on Alzheimer’s brains from Harvard Brain Bank, he found, using fluorescent FISH stains, that B. miyamotoi was not only in many of the brain tissue samples, but that it was usually associated with amyloid plaques.

It may turn out that B. miyamotoi is as prevalent as, or even predominant over B. burgdorferi in human brains and dementia patients.

Bron: durayresearch.wordpress.com, lees meer

[VerlorengezondheidM]

Host Immune Evasion by Lyme and Relapsing Fever Borreliae: Findings to Lead Future Studies for Borrelia miyamotoi

Brandee L. Stone and Catherine A. Brissette*

Mechanisms of Immune Evasion by B. miyamotoi: Where We Need to be

Even though B. miyamotoi is genetically similar to relapsing fever spirochetes, it has evolved and exists in different vectors (Ixodes not Ornithodoros) with different enzootic cycles and different co-pathogens compared to relapsing fever spirochetes. We should not assume B. miyamotoi utilizes the same set of mechanisms as other relapsing fever spirochetes. B. miyamotoi may use a combination of relapsing fever and Lyme Borrelia mechanisms as well as completely novel mechanisms.

The role of IgM in clearing B. miyamotoi has not been demonstrated. As discussed above, IgM is key in clearing relapsing fever infections. During B. hermsii infections, IgM targets FhbA and other surface proteins (113). IgM likely is important in clearing B. miyamotoi. All immunocompromised patients diagnosed with a B. miyamotoi infection developed meningoencephalitis. A shared factor with these patients has been treatment with rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody targeting IgM-producing CD20-positive B cells. Depletion of B cells may explain how B. miyamotoi is able to migrate to the CNS and causes meningoencephalitis in patients treated with rituximab. The presence of unknown complement inhibitors, however, could contribute to the complement resistance of B. miyamotoi and may be useful in establishing infection (241, 242).

The effects of tick saliva on B. miyamotoi survival have not yet been studied. However, being vectored by Ixodes, B. miyamotoi likely takes advantage of the protective proteins in tick saliva. In addition, understanding interactions between host, vector, and pathogen will aid in the development of Lyme and relapsing fever prevention strategies and thus requires more attention.

Bron: Frontiersin, lees meer

[Roxy]

@VerlorengezondheidM,
Rituximab (chemokuur) zal niet het genezende medicijn voor de ziekte van Lyme/chronische Lyme of B. miyamotoi gaan worden. Rituximab onderdrukt het immuunsysteem (witte bloedcellen B-lymfocyten worden uitgeschakeld). Rituximab vernietigt de B-cellen. Als mensen een (bacteriële) infectie oplopen wanneer men geen B-cellen heeft (dus tijdens de behandeling met Rituximab) kan dit erg risicovol zijn in het slechtste geval mogelijk fataal. Zou je dat als Lyme patiënt wenselijk vinden?
Ilads Lyme artsen zijn geen nefroloog of oncoloog.

LUMC - Rituximab; Bron https://www.lumc.nl/patientenzorg/prakt ... /rituximab

Screening
..Voordat u kunt starten met de rituximab-behandeling, dient beoordeeld te worden of er geen medische bezwaren zijn tegen de behandeling met een biological, waar de rituximab toe behoort. Omdat een infectie doorgemaakt in het verleden kan opvlammen door de behandeling..

De gevolgen van de behandeling met Rituximab het opvlammen van een doorgemaakte infectie (bacterie Borrelia burgdorferi)?

Bron https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10 ... 00012/full Two patients treated with rituximab for NHL, one from the US (88) and one from the Netherlands (87), with reported recent tick bites developed meningoencephalitis. Motile spirochetes were detected in cerebral spinal fluid in both cases. Interestingly, glpQ was amplified and sequenced from both patient’s samples yet no anti-GlpQ antibodies were detected in the blood or cerebral spinal fluid of the European patient. IgM against B. burgdorferi was negative for both patients. Neither patient reported any of the commonly associated symptoms of a B. miyamotoi infection (e.g., fever, headache, myalgia, malaise). Instead, both patients exhibited neurological symptoms (cognitive processing defects, disturbed gait). A third patient from Germany, also treated with rituximab for NHL, developed Lyme neuroborreliosis-like symptoms (dizziness, vomiting, and headache) (111).

Farmacotherapeutisch Kompas - Rituximab; Bron https://www.farmacotherapeutischkompas. ... /rituximab

Immuunmedicijn Rituximab niet werkzaam bij ME/CVS 8 april 2019; Bron https://mecvs.nl/nieuws/immuunmedicijn- ... ij-me-cvs/
Annals of Internal Medicine
7 mei 2019
'B-Lymphocyte Depletion in Patients With Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial' by Fluge et al.; Bron https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/M18-1451