Roxy, je schrijft:
...In de praktijk blijkt dat sommige Ilads Lyme&me/cvs artsen uit Nederland en het buitenland veel roepen...
Okee,
Om te beginnen kun je borreliose niet in 1 mond met ME neerzetten, omdat borreliose ten eerste een infectieziekte is veroorzaakt door een bacterie, en ME is dat niet.
Ten tweede niet omdat ME een erkende ziekte is en chronische borreliose niet.
...maar voor het gestelde geen medische en wetenschappelijke onderbouwing geven....
Verder over dat maar een beetje roepen van de ILADS artsen, is geen zomaar roepen, het is gebaseerd op jarenlange onderzoeken - ook wetenschappelijk - lees desnoods eens de referenties
Voor het gemak zal ik ze voor je hier plaatsen:
Sackett D, Straus S, Richardson W, et al. Evidence-based medicine: how to practice and teach EBM. Churchill Livingstone; Edinburgh, London: 2000 [Google Scholar]
Guyatt G, Gutterman D, Baumann MH, et al. Grading strength of recommendations and quality of evidence in clinical guidelines: report from an American College of Chest Physicians task force. Chest 2006;129(1):174-81 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Atkins D, Best D, Briss PA, et al. Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ 2004;328(7454):1490 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Schunemann HJ, Best D, Vist G, Oxman AD. Letters, numbers, symbols and words: how to communicate grades of evidence and recommendations. Cmaj 2003;169(7):677-80 [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, et al. GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ 2008;336(7650):924-6 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Balshem H, Helfand M, Schunemann HJ, et al. GRADE guidelines: 3. Rating the quality of evidence. J Clin Epidemiol 2011;64(4):401-6 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Hayes E. Lyme disease. Clin Evid 2003(10):887-99 [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Scott IA, Guyatt GH. Suggestions for improving guideline utility and trustworthiness. Evid Based Med 2013;19:41-6 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Classifying recommendations for clinical practice guidelines. Pediatrics 2004;114(3):874-7 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Living well with chronic illness: a call for public health action. Available from:
http://www.iom.edu/Reports/2012/Living- ... lness.aspx [Last accessed 1 March 2014] [Google Scholar]
Institute of Medicine (Committee on Quality of Health Care in America). Crossing the quality chasm: a new health system for the 21st century. National Academies Press; Washington, DC, USA: 2001. p. 360 [Google Scholar]
Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Kunz R, et al. Going from evidence to recommendations. BMJ 2008;336(7652):1049-51 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
What is shared decision making? Available from:
http://www.informedmedicaldecisions.org ... on-making/ [Last accessed 1 March 2014] [Google Scholar]
FDA. Factors to consider when making benefit-risk determinations in medical device premarket approval and de novo classifications. Available from:
http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q= ... p%3A%2F%2F http://www.fda.gov%2Fdownloads%2FMedica ... 8443,d.bmk [Last accessed 1 March 2014] [Google Scholar]
Zhang X, Meltzer MI, Pena CA, et al. Economic impact of Lyme disease. Emerg Infect Dis 2006;12(4):653-60 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Fallon BA, Keilp JG, Corbera KM, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of repeated IV antibiotic therapy for Lyme encephalopathy. Neurology 2008;70(13):992-1003 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Krupp LB, Hyman LG, Grimson R, et al. Study and treatment of post Lyme disease (STOP-LD): a randomized double masked clinical trial. Neurology 2003;60(12):1923-30 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Klempner MS, Hu LT, Evans J, et al. Two controlled trials of antibiotic treatment in patients with persistent symptoms and a history of Lyme disease. N Engl J Med 2001;345(2):85-92 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Clinical Practice Guidelines we can trust. Available from:
http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13058 [Last accessed 1 March 2014] [Google Scholar]
Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Lyme Disease and Other Tick-Borne Diseases: The State of the Science. In: Critical needs and gaps in understanding prevention, amelioration, and resolution of lyme and other tick-borne diseases: the short-term and long-term outcomes: workshop report. National Academies Press; Washington, DC, USA: 2011 [Google Scholar]
Corapi KM, White MI, Phillips CB, et al. Strategies for primary and secondary prevention of Lyme disease. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol 2007;3(1):20-5 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Clark RP, Hu LT. Prevention of lyme disease and other tick-borne infections. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2008;22(3):381-96; vii [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Reported cases of Lyme disease by year, United States, 1995-2009. Available from:
http://www.cdc.gov/lyme/stats/chartstab ... yyear.html [Last accessed 1 March 2014] [Google Scholar]
Vazquez M, Sparrow SS, Shapiro ED. Long-term neuropsychologic and health outcomes of children with facial nerve palsy attributable to Lyme disease. Pediatrics 2003;112(2):e93-7 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Seltzer EG, Gerber MA, Cartter ML, et al. Long-term outcomes of persons with Lyme disease. JAMA 2000;283(5):609-16 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Gerber MA, Zemel LS, Shapiro ED. Lyme arthritis in children: clinical epidemiology and long-term outcomes. Pediatrics 1998;102(4 Pt 1):905-8 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Shadick NA, Phillips CB, Logigian EL, et al. The long-term clinical outcomes of Lyme disease. A population-based retrospective cohort study. Ann Intern Med 1994;121(8):560-7 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Skogman BH, Glimaker K, Nordwall M, et al. Long-term clinical outcome after Lyme neuroborreliosis in childhood. Pediatrics 2012;130(2):262-9 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Eikeland R, Mygland A, Herlofson K, Ljostad U. European neuroborreliosis: quality of life 30 months after treatment. Acta Neurol Scand 2011;124(5):349-54 [Crossref], [Google Scholar]
Asch ES, Bujak DI, Weiss M, et al. Lyme disease: an infectious and postinfectious syndrome. J Rheumatol 1994;21(3):454-61 [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Meltzer MI, Dennis DT, Orloski KA. The cost effectiveness of vaccinating against Lyme disease. Emerg Infect Dis 1999;5(3):321-8 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Logigian EL, Kaplan RF, Steere AC. Chronic neurologic manifestations of Lyme disease. N Engl J Med 1990;323(21):1438-44 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Logigian EL, Kaplan RF, Steere AC. Successful treatment of Lyme encephalopathy with intravenous ceftriaxone. J Infect Dis 1999;180(2):377-83 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Cairns V, Godwin J. Post-Lyme borreliosis syndrome: a meta-analysis of reported symptoms. Int J Epidemiol 2005;34(6):1340-5 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Jones KD, Burckhardt CS, Deodhar AA, et al. A six-month randomized controlled trial of exercise and pyridostigmine in the treatment of fibromyalgia. Arthritis Rheum 2008;58(2):612-22 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Schaefer C, Chandran A, Hufstader M, et al. The comparative burden of mild, moderate and severe fibromyalgia: results from a cross-sectional survey in the United States. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2011;9(1):71 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Tang S, Calkins H, Petri M. Neurally mediated hypotension in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with fibromyalgia. Rheumatology 2004;43(5):609-14 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Ware JE, Kosinski M. SF-36 physical & mental health summary scores: a manual for users of version 1. 2nd edition; 1994. p. 1-238 [Google Scholar]
Calandre EP, Morillas-Arques P, Molina-Barea R, et al. Trazodone plus pregabalin combination in the treatment of fibromyalgia: a two-phase, 24-week, open-label uncontrolled study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2011;12:95 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Burckhardt CS, Jones KD. Effects of chronic widespread pain on the health status and quality of life of women after breast cancer surgery. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2005;3:30 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Oksi J, Nikoskelainen J, Hiekkanen H, et al. Duration of antibiotic treatment in disseminated Lyme borreliosis: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2007;26(8):571-81 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Oksi J, Nikoskelainen J, Viljanen MK. Comparison of oral cefixime and intravenous ceftriaxone followed by oral amoxicillin in disseminated Lyme borreliosis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1998;17(10):715-19 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Liegner KB, Shapiro JR, Ramsay D, et al. Recurrent erythema migrans despite extended antibiotic treatment with minocycline in a patient with persisting Borrelia burgdorferi infection. J Am Acad Dermatol 1993;28(2 Pt 2):312-14 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
McFarland LV. Evidence-based review of probiotics for antibiotic-associated diarrhea and Clostridium difficile infections. Anaerobe 2009;15(6):274-80 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Gao XW, Mubasher M, Fang CY, et al. Dose-response efficacy of a proprietary probiotic formula of Lactobacillus acidophilus CL1285 and Lactobacillus casei LBC80R for antibiotic-associated diarrhea and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea prophylaxis in adult patients. Am J Gastroenterol 2010;105(7):1636-41 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Strle F, Ruzic E, Cimperman J. Erythema migrans: comparison of treatment with azithromycin, doxycycline and phenoxymethylpenicillin. J Antimicrob Chemother 1992;30(4):543-50 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Strle F, Preac-Mursic V, Cimperman J, et al. Azithromycin versus doxycycline for treatment of erythema migrans: clinical and microbiological findings. Infection 1993;21(2):83-8 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Weber K, Wilske B, Preac-Mursic V, Thurmayr R. Azithromycin versus penicillin V for the treatment of early Lyme borreliosis. Infection 1993;21(6):367-72 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Barsic B, Maretic T, Majerus L, Strugar J. Comparison of azithromycin and doxycycline in the treatment of erythema migrans. Infection 2000;28(3):153-6 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Steere AC, Hutchinson GJ, Rahn DW, et al. Treatment of the early manifestations of Lyme disease. Ann Intern Med 1983;99(1):22-6 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Berger BW. Treatment of erythema chronicum migrans of Lyme disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1988;539:346-51 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Luger SW, Paparone P, Wormser GP, et al. Comparison of cefuroxime axetil and doxycycline in treatment of patients with early Lyme disease associated with erythema migrans. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995;39(3):661-7 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Massarotti EM, Luger SW, Rahn DW, et al. Treatment of early Lyme disease. Am J Med 1992;92(4):396-403 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Dattwyler RJ, Halperin JJ, Volkman DJ, Luft BJ. Treatment of late Lyme borreliosis--randomised comparison of ceftriaxone and penicillin. Lancet 1988;1(8596):1191-4 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Cameron DJ. Consequences of treatment delay in Lyme disease. J Eval Clin Pract 2007;13(3):470-2 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Costello CM, Steere AC, Pinkerton RE, Feder HM Jr. A prospective study of tick bites in an endemic area for Lyme disease. J Infect Dis 1989;159(1):136-9 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Agre F, Schwartz R. The value of early treatment of deer tick bites for the prevention of Lyme disease. Am J Dis Child 1993;147(9):945-7 [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Shapiro ED, Gerber MA, Holabird NB, et al. A controlled trial of antimicrobial prophylaxis for Lyme disease after deer-tick bites. N Engl J Med 1992;327(25):1769-73 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Nadelman RB, Nowakowski J, Fish D, et al. Prophylaxis with single-dose doxycycline for the prevention of Lyme disease after an Ixodes scapularis tick bite. N Engl J Med 2001;345(2):79-84 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Warshafsky S, Lee DH, Francois LK, et al. Efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of Lyme disease: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2010;65(6):1137-44 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Warshafsky S, Nowakowski J, Nadelman RB, et al. Efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of Lyme disease. J Gen Intern Med 1996;11(6):329-33 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Maloney EL. The management of Ixodes scapularis bites in the upper Midwest. WMJ:2011;110(2):78-81.quiz 85 [Google Scholar]
Bacon RM, Kugeler KJ, Mead PS. Surveillance for Lyme disease--United States, 1992-2006. MMWR Surveill Summ 2008;57(10):1-9 [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Steere AC, Bartenhagen NH, Craft JE, et al. The early clinical manifestations of Lyme disease. Ann Intern Med 1983;99(1):76-82 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Duray PH. Clinical pathologic correlations of Lyme disease. Rev Infect Dis 1989;11(Suppl 6):S1487-93 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Coyle PK, Schutzer SE. Neurologic presentations in Lyme disease. Hosp Pract (Off Ed) 1991;26(11):55-66.discussion 66, 69-70 [Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Lo R, Menzies DJ, Archer H, Cohen TJ. Complete heart block due to Lyme carditis. J Invasive Cardiol 2003;15(6):367-9 [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Albert S, Schulze J, Riegel H, Brade V. Lyme arthritis in a 12-year-old patient after a latency period of 5 years. Infection 1999;27(4-5):286-8 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Zeidner NS, Brandt KS, Dadey E, et al. Sustained-release formulation of doxycycline hyclate for prophylaxis of tick bite infection in a murine model of Lyme borreliosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004;48(7):2697-9 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Zeidner NS, Massung RF, Dolan MC, et al. A sustained-release formulation of doxycycline hyclate (Atridox) prevents simultaneous infection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi transmitted by tick bite. J Med Microbiol 2008;57(Pt 4):463-8 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Wormser GP, Dattwyler RJ, Shapiro ED, et al. The clinical assessment, treatment, and prevention of lyme disease, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, and babesiosis: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2006;43(9):1089-134 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Lee J, Wormser GP. Pharmacodynamics of doxycycline for chemoprophylaxis of Lyme disease: preliminary findings and possible implications for other antimicrobials. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2008;31(3):235-9 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Volkman D. Chemoprophylaxis against Lyme disease. Lancet Infect Dis 2008;8(3):145; author reply 146-147 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Luft BJ, Dattwyler RJ, Johnson RC, et al. Azithromycin compared with amoxicillin in the treatment of erythema migrans. A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 1996;124(9):785-91 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Lawrence C, Lipton RB, Lowy FD, Coyle PK. Seronegative chronic relapsing neuroborreliosis. Eur Neurol 1995;35(2):113-17 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Embers ME, Barthold SW, Borda JT, et al. Persistence of Borrelia burgdorferi in Rhesus Macaques following antibiotic treatment of disseminated infection. PLoS One 2012;7(1):e29914 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Thompson GR 3rd, Lunetta JM, Johnson SM, et al. Early treatment with fluconazole may abrogate the development of IgG antibodies in coccidioidomycosis. Clin Infect Dis 2011;53(6):e20-4 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Talwar S, Tutakne MA, Tiwari VD. VDRL titres in early syphilis before and after treatment. Genitourin Med 1992;68(2):120-2 [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Karthikeyan G, Mayosi BM. Is primary prevention of rheumatic fever the missing link in the control of rheumatic heart disease in Africa? Circulation 2009;120(8):709-13 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Dattwyler RJ, Volkman DJ, Luft BJ, et al. Seronegative Lyme disease. Dissociation of specific T- and B-lymphocyte responses to Borrelia burgdorferi. N Engl J Med 1988;319(22):1441-6 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Aguero-Rosenfeld ME, Nowakowski J, Bittker S, et al. Evolution of the serologic response to Borrelia burgdorferi in treated patients with culture-confirmed erythema migrans. J Clin Microbiol 1996;34(1):1-9 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Weder B, Wiedersheim P, Matter L, et al. Chronic progressive neurological involvement in Borrelia burgdorferi infection. J Neurol 1987;234(1):40-3 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Aucott J, Morrison C, Munoz B, et al. Diagnostic challenges of early Lyme disease: lessons from a community case series. BMC Infect Dis 2009;9:79 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Berger BW. Dermatologic manifestations of Lyme disease. Rev Infect Dis 1989;11(Suppl 6):S1475-81 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Piesman J, Hojgaard A. Protective value of prophylactic antibiotic treatment of tick bite for Lyme disease prevention: an animal model. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2012;3(3):193-6 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Dotevall L, Hagberg L. Successful oral doxycycline treatment of Lyme disease-associated facial palsy and meningitis. Clin Infect Dis 1999;28(3):569-74 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Cameron D. Severity of Lyme disease with persistent symptoms. Insights from a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Minerva Med 2008;99(5):489-96 [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Nadelman RB, Luger SW, Frank E, et al. Comparison of cefuroxime axetil and doxycycline in the treatment of early Lyme disease. Ann Intern Med 1992;117(4):273-80 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Borg R, Dotevall L, Hagberg L, et al. Intravenous ceftriaxone compared with oral doxycycline for the treatment of Lyme neuroborreliosis. Scand J Infect Dis 2005;37(6-7):449-54 [Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Frank C, Fix AD, Pena CA, Strickland GT. Mapping Lyme disease incidence for diagnostic and preventive decisions, Maryland. Emerg Infect Dis 2002;8(4):427-9 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Eppes SC, Childs JA. Comparative study of cefuroxime axetil versus amoxicillin in children with early Lyme disease. Pediatrics 2002;109(6):1173-7 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Cerar D, Cerar T, Ruzic-Sabljic E, et al. Subjective symptoms after treatment of early Lyme disease. Am J Med 2010;123(1):79-86 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Thaisetthawatkul P, Logigian EL. Peripheral nervous system manifestations of lyme borreliosis. J Clin Neuromuscul Dis 2002;3(4):165-71 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Altman DG. Missing outcomes in randomized trials: addressing the dilemma. Open Med 2009;3(2):e51-3 [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Fitzmaurice GM, Laird NM, Ware JH. Applied longitudinal analysis. Wiley-Interscience; Hoboken, NJ, USA: 2004 [Google Scholar]
Hollis S, Campbell F. What is meant by intention to treat analysis? Survey of published randomised controlled trials. BMJ 1999;319(7211):670-4 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Carneiro AV. Estimating sample size in clinical studies: basic methodological principles. Rev Port Cardiol 2003;22(12):1513-21 [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Chu R, Walter SD, Guyatt G, et al. Assessment and implication of prognostic imbalance in randomized controlled trials with a binary outcome - a simulation study. PLoS One 2012;7(5):e36677 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Tarnow-Mordi WO. What have we learned about randomized, controlled trials in neonatal sepsis? Pediatr Crit Care Med 2005;6(3 Suppl):S146-9 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Strle F, Maraspin V, Lotric-Furlan S, et al. Azithromycin and doxycycline for treatment of Borrelia culture-positive erythema migrans. Infection 1996;24(1):64-8 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Maraspin V, Lotric-Furlan S, Cimperman J, et al. Erythema migrans in the immunocompromised host. Wien Klin Wochenschr 1999;111(22-23):923-32 [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Stanek G, Reiter M. The expanding Lyme Borrelia complex--clinical significance of genomic species? Clin Microbiol Infect 2011;17(4):487-93 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Logar M, Ruzic-Sabljic E, Maraspin V, et al. Comparison of erythema migrans caused by Borrelia afzelii and Borrelia garinii. Infection 2004;32(1):15-19 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Strle F, Nadelman RB, Cimperman J, et al. Comparison of culture-confirmed erythema migrans caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto in New York State and by Borrelia afzelii in Slovenia. Ann Intern Med 1999;130(1):32-6 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Cooper C. Safety of long-term therapy with penicillin and penicillin derivatives. Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. Available from:
http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/EmergencyPrepa ... 072755.htm [Last accessed 3 January 2014] [Google Scholar]
Smith K, Leyden JJ. Safety of doxycycline and minocycline: a systematic review. Clin Ther 2005;27(9):1329-42 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Maes E, Lecomte P, Ray N. A cost-of-illness study of Lyme disease in the United States. Clin Ther 1998;20(5):993-1008. Discussion 1992 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Pattani R, Palda VA, Hwang SW, Shah PS. Probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and Clostridium difficile infection among hospitalized patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. Open Med 2013;7(2):e56-67 [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Donta ST. Tetracycline therapy for chronic Lyme disease. Clin Infect Dis 1997;25(Suppl 1):S52-6 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Donta ST. Macrolide therapy of chronic Lyme disease. Med Sci Monit 2003;9(11):PI136-42 [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Cimmino MA, Moggiana GL, Parisi M, Accardo S. Treatment of Lyme arthritis. Infection 1996;24(1):91-3 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Dattwyler RJ, Halperin JJ, Pass H, Luft BJ. Ceftriaxone as effective therapy in refractory Lyme disease. J Infect Dis 1987;155(6):1322-5 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Pfister HW, Preac-Mursic V, Wilske B, et al. Randomized comparison of ceftriaxone and cefotaxime in Lyme neuroborreliosis. J Infect Dis 1991;163(2):311-18 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Steere AC, Green J, Schoen RT, et al. Successful parenteral penicillin therapy of established Lyme arthritis. N Engl J Med 1985;312(14):869-74 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Hunfeld KP, Weigand J, Wichelhaus TA, et al. In vitro activity of mezlocillin, meropenem, aztreonam, vancomycin, teicoplanin, ribostamycin and fusidic acid against Borrelia burgdorferi. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2001;17(3):203-8 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Swanson SJ, Neitzel D, Reed KD, Belongia EA. Coinfections acquired from ixodes ticks. Clin Microbiol Rev 2006;19(4):708-27 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Krause PJ, Telford SR 3rd, Spielman A, et al. Concurrent Lyme disease and babesiosis. Evidence for increased severity and duration of illness. JAMA 1996;275(21):1657-60 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Sperling J, Middelveen M, Klein D, Sperling F. Evolving perspectives on Lyme borreliosis in Canada. Open Neurol J 2013;6:94-103 [Crossref], [Google Scholar]
Johnson L, Wilcox S, Mankoff J, Stricker RB. Severity of chronic Lyme disease compared to other chronic conditions: a quality of life survey. Peer J 2014;2:e322 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Donta ST. Issues in the diagnosis and treatment of lyme disease. Open Neurol J 2012;6:140-5 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Aucott JN, Rebman AW, Crowder LA, Kortte KB. Post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome symptomatology and the impact on life functioning: is there something here? Qual Life Res 2013;22(1):75-84 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Wormser GP, Ramanathan R, Nowakowski J, et al. Duration of antibiotic therapy for early Lyme disease. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 2003;138(9):697-704 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Piesman J, Dolan MC, Happ CM, et al. Duration of immunity to reinfection with tick-transmitted Borrelia burgdorferi in naturally infected mice. Infect Immun 1997;65(10):4043-7 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Nadelman RB, Hanincova K, Mukherjee P, et al. Differentiation of reinfection from relapse in recurrent Lyme disease. N Engl J Med 2012;367(20):1883-90 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Sjowall J, Ledel A, Ernerudh J, et al. Doxycycline-mediated effects on persistent symptoms and systemic cytokine responses post-neuroborreliosis: a randomized, prospective, cross-over study. BMC Infect Dis 2012;12:186 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Delong AK, Blossom B, Maloney EL, Phillips SE. Antibiotic retreatment of Lyme disease in patients with persistent symptoms: a biostatistical review of randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trials. Contemp Clin Trials 2012;33(6):1132-42 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Fallon BA, Petkova E, Keilp JG, Britton CB. A reappraisal of the U.S. clinical trials of post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome. Open Neurol J 2012;6:79-87 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Pollina DA, Sliwinski M, Squires NK, Krupp LB. Cognitive processing speed in Lyme disease. Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol 1999;12(1):72-8 [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Fallon BA, Levin ES, Schweitzer PJ, Hardesty D. Inflammation and central nervous system Lyme disease. Neurobiol Dis 2010;37(3):534-41 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Stricker RB, Johnson L. Lyme disease: a turning point. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2007;5(5):759-62 [Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Stricker RB, Green CL, Savely VR, et al. Safety of intravenous antibiotic therapy in patients referred for treatment of neurologic Lyme disease. Minerva Med 2010;101(1):1-7 [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Haupl T, Hahn G, Rittig M, et al. Persistence of Borrelia burgdorferi in ligamentous tissue from a patient with chronic Lyme borreliosis. Arthritis Rheum 1993;36(11):1621-6 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Schmidli J, Hunziker T, Moesli P, Schaad UB. Cultivation of Borrelia burgdorferi from joint fluid three months after treatment of facial palsy due to Lyme borreliosis. J Infect Dis 1988;158(4):905-6 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Preac-Mursic V, Pfister HW, Spiegel H, et al. First isolation of Borrelia burgdorferi from an iris biopsy. J Clin Neuroophthalmol 1993;13(3):155-61.discussion 162 [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Preac-Mursic V, Weber K, Pfister HW, et al. Survival of Borrelia burgdorferi in antibiotically treated patients with Lyme borreliosis. Infection 1989;17(6):355-9 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Bradley JF, Johnson RC, Goodman JL. The persistence of spirochetal nucleic acids in active Lyme arthritis. Ann Intern Med 1994;120(6):487-9 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Marques A, Telford SR 3rd, Turk SP, et al. Xenodiagnosis to detect Borrelia burgdorferi infection: a first-in-human study. Clin Infect Dis 2014;58(7):937-45 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Hodzic E, Feng S, Holden K, et al. Persistence of Borrelia burgdorferi following antibiotic treatment in mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2008;52(5):1728-36 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Barthold SW, Hodzic E, Imai DM, et al. Ineffectiveness of tigecycline against persistent Borrelia burgdorferi. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010;54(2):643-51 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Johnson L, Aylward A, Stricker RB. Healthcare access and burden of care for patients with Lyme disease: a large United States survey. Health Policy 2011;102(1):64-71 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Maki DG, Kluger DM, Crnich CJ. The risk of bloodstream infection in adults with different intravascular devices: a systematic review of 200 published prospective studies. Mayo Clin Proc 2006;81(9):1159-71 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
FDA Drug Bulletin. Use of approved drugs for unlabeled indications. FDA Drug Bulletin 1982; 12(1):4-5. Available from:
http://www.circare.org/fda/fdadrugbulletin_041982.pdf [Last accessed 3 January 14] [Google Scholar]
Fugh-Berman A, Melnick D. Off-label promotion, on-target sales. PLoS Med 2008;5(10):e210 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Snyder L, Leffler C. Ethics manual: fifth edition. Ann Intern Med 2005;142(7):560-82 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Nocton JJ, Dressler F, Rutledge BJ, et al. Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi DNA by polymerase chain reaction in synovial fluid from patients with Lyme arthritis. N Engl J Med 1994;330(4):229-34 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Oksi J, Marjamaki M, Nikoskelainen J, Viljanen MK. Borrelia burgdorferi detected by culture and PCR in clinical relapse of disseminated Lyme borreliosis. Ann Med 1999;31(3):225-32 [Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Embers ME, Ramamoorthy R, Philipp MT. Survival strategies of Borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of Lyme disease. Microbes Infect 2004;6(3):312-18 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Cabello FC, Godfrey HP, Newman SA. Hidden in plain sight: borrelia burgdorferi and the extracellular matrix. Trends Microbiol 2007;15(8):350-4 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Szczepanski A, Benach JL. Lyme borreliosis: host responses to Borrelia burgdorferi. Microbiol Rev 1991;55(1):21-34 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Hodzic E, Feng S, Freet KJ, Barthold SW. Borrelia burgdorferi population dynamics and prototype gene expression during infection of immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice. Infect Immun 2003;71(9):5042-55 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Mahmoud AA. The challenge of intracellular pathogens. N Engl J Med 1992;326(11):761-2 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Brouqui P, Badiaga S, Raoult D. Eucaryotic cells protect Borrelia burgdorferi from the action of penicillin and ceftriaxone but not from the action of doxycycline and erythromycin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996;40(6):1552-4 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Klempner MS, Noring R, Rogers RA. Invasion of human skin fibroblasts by the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. J Infect Dis 1993;167(5):1074-81 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Livengood JA, Gilmore RD Jr. Invasion of human neuronal and glial cells by an infectious strain of Borrelia burgdorferi. Microbes Infect 2006;8(14-15):2832-40 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Sapi E, Bastian SL, Mpoy CM, et al. Characterization of biofilm formation by Borrelia burgdorferi in vitro. PLoS One 2012;7(10):e48277 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Zhang JR, Hardham JM, Barbour AG, Norris SJ. Antigenic variation in Lyme disease borreliae by promiscuous recombination of VMP-like sequence cassettes. Cell 1997;89(2):275-85 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Coutte L, Botkin DJ, Gao L, Norris SJ. Detailed analysis of sequence changes occurring during VlsE antigenic variation in the mouse model of Borrelia burgdorferi infection. PLoS Pathog 2009;5(2):e1000293 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Liang FT, Jacobs MB, Bowers LC, Philipp MT. An immune evasion mechanism for spirochetal persistence in Lyme borreliosis. J Exp Med 2002;195(4):415-22 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Barbour AG, Restrepo BI. Antigenic variation in vector-borne pathogens. Emerg Infect Dis 2000;6(5):449-57 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Schwan TG, Piesman J. Temporal changes in outer surface proteins A and C of the Lyme disease-associated spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi, during the chain of infection in ticks and mice. J Clin Microbiol 2000;38(1):382-8 [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Mursic VP, Wanner G, Reinhardt S, et al. Formation and cultivation of Borrelia burgdorferi spheroplast-L-form variants. Infection 1996;24(3):218-26 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Al-Robaiy S, Dihazi H, Kacza J, et al. Metamorphosis of Borrelia burgdorferi organisms - RNA, lipid and protein composition in context with the spirochetes’ shape. J Basic Microbiol 2010;50(Suppl 1):S5-17 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Duray PH, Yin SR, Ito Y, et al. Invasion of human tissue ex vivo by Borrelia burgdorferi. J Infect Dis 2005;191(10):1747-54 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Kersten A, Poitschek C, Rauch S, Aberer E. Effects of penicillin, ceftriaxone, and doxycycline on morphology of Borrelia burgdorferi. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995;39(5):1127-33 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Alban PS, Johnson PW, Nelson DR. Serum-starvation-induced changes in protein synthesis and morphology of Borrelia burgdorferi. Microbiology 2000;146(Pt 1):119-27 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Brorson O, Brorson SH. In vitro conversion of Borrelia burgdorferi to cystic forms in spinal fluid, and transformation to mobile spirochetes by incubation in BSK-H medium. Infection 1998;26(3):144-50 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Kraiczy P, Hellwage J, Skerka C, et al. Complement resistance of Borrelia burgdorferi correlates with the expression of BbCRASP-1, a novel linear plasmid-encoded surface protein that interacts with human factor H and FHL-1 and is unrelated to Erp proteins. J Biol Chem 2004;279(4):2421-9 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Pausa M, Pellis V, Cinco M, et al. Serum-resistant strains of Borrelia burgdorferi evade complement-mediated killing by expressing a CD59-like complement inhibitory molecule. J Immunol 2003;170(6):3214-22 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Kraiczy P, Skerka C, Kirschfink M, et al. Immune evasion of Borrelia burgdorferi: insufficient killing of the pathogens by complement and antibody. Int J Med Microbiol 2002;291(Suppl 33):141-6 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Hartiala P, Hytonen J, Suhonen J, et al. Borrelia burgdorferi inhibits human neutrophil functions. Microbes Infect 2008;10(1):60-8 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Hartiala P, Hytonen J, Pelkonen J, et al. Transcriptional response of human dendritic cells to Borrelia garinii--defective CD38 and CCR7 expression detected. J Leukoc Biol 2007;82(1):33-43 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Lazarus JJ, Kay MA, McCarter AL, Wooten RM. Viable Borrelia burgdorferi enhances interleukin-10 production and suppresses activation of murine macrophages. Infect Immun 2008;76(3):1153-62 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Giambartolomei GH, Dennis VA, Philipp MT. Borrelia burgdorferi stimulates the production of interleukin-10 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from uninfected humans and rhesus monkeys. Infect Immun 1998;66(6):2691-7 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Sartakova ML, Dobrikova EY, Terekhova DA, et al. Novel antibiotic-resistance markers in pGK12-derived vectors for Borrelia burgdorferi. Gene 2003;303:131-7 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Stricker RB. Counterpoint: long-term antibiotic therapy improves persistent symptoms associated with lyme disease. Clin Infect Dis 2007;45(2):149-57 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Auwaerter PG. Point: antibiotic therapy is not the answer for patients with persisting symptoms attributable to lyme disease. Clin Infect Dis 2007;45(2):143-8 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Cimmino MA, Accardo S. Long term treatment of chronic Lyme arthritis with benzathine penicillin. Ann Rheum Dis 1992;51(8):1007-8 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Mullegger RR, Millner MM, Stanek G, Spork KD. Penicillin G sodium and ceftriaxone in the treatment of neuroborreliosis in children – a prospective study. Infection 1991;19(4):279-83 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Alder J, Mitten M, Jarvis K, et al. Efficacy of clarithromycin for treatment of experimental Lyme disease in vivo. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1993;37(6):1329-33 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Cunha BA. Minocycline versus doxycycline in the treatment of Lyme neuroborreliosis. Clin Infect Dis 2000;30(1):237-8 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Kraiczy P, Weigand J, Wichelhaus TA, et al. In vitro activities of fluoroquinolones against the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001;45(9):2486-94 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Nowakowski J, McKenna D, Nadelman RB, et al. Failure of treatment with cephalexin for Lyme disease. Arch Fam Med 2000;9(6):563-7 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Johnson RC, Kodner CB, Jurkovich PJ, Collins JJ. Comparative in vitro and in vivo susceptibilities of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi to cefuroxime and other antimicrobial agents. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1990;34(11):2133-6 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Rahn DW. Lyme disease: clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1991;20(4):201-18 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Dattwyler RJ, Volkman DJ, Conaty SM, et al. Amoxycillin plus probenecid versus doxycycline for treatment of erythema migrans borreliosis. Lancet 1990;336(8728):1404-6 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Dattwyler RJ, Luft BJ, Kunkel MJ, et al. Ceftriaxone compared with doxycycline for the treatment of acute disseminated Lyme disease. N Engl J Med 1997;337(5):289-94 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Agger WA, Callister SM, Jobe DA. In vitro susceptibilities of Borrelia burgdorferi to five oral cephalosporins and ceftriaxone. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1992;36(8):1788-90 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Dever LL, Jorgensen JH, Barbour AG. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Borrelia burgdorferi: a microdilution MIC method and time-kill studies. J Clin Microbiol 1992;30(10):2692-7 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Johnson RC. Isolation techniques for spirochetes and their sensitivity to antibiotics in vitro and in vivo. Rev Infect Dis 1989;11(Suppl 6):S1505-10 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Preac-Mursic V, Wilske B, Schierz G, et al. Comparative antimicrobial activity of the new macrolides against Borrelia burgdorferi. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1989;8(7):651-3 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Weber K, Neubert U, Thurmayr R. Antibiotic therapy in early erythema migrans disease and related disorders. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A 1987;263(3):377-88 [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Dattwyler RJ, Grunwaldt E, Luft BJ. Clarithromycin in treatment of early Lyme disease: a pilot study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996;40(2):468-9 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Steere AC, Malawista SE, Newman JH, et al. Antibiotic therapy in Lyme disease. Ann Intern Med 1980;93(1):1-8 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Robles M, Toscano E, Cotta J, et al. Antibiotic-induced liver toxicity: mechanisms, clinical features and causality assessment. Curr Drug Saf 2010;5(3):212-22 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Brorson O, Brorson SH. An in vitro study of the susceptibility of mobile and cystic forms of Borrelia burgdorferi to tinidazole. Int Microbiol 2004;7(2):139-42 [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Brorson O, Brorson SH. An in vitro study of the susceptibility of mobile and cystic forms of Borrelia burgdorferi to metronidazole. APMIS 1999;107(6):566-76 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Schoen RT, Aversa JM, Rahn DW, Steere AC. Treatment of refractory chronic Lyme arthritis with arthroscopic synovectomy. Arthritis Rheum 1991;34(8):1056-60 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Smith BG, Cruz AI Jr, Milewski MD, Shapiro ED. Lyme disease and the orthopaedic implications of Lyme arthritis. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2011;19(2):91-100 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Rupprecht TA, Elstner M, Weil S, Pfister HW. Autoimmune-mediated polyneuropathy triggered by borrelial infection? Muscle Nerve 2008;37(6):781-5 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Institute of Medicine. Clinical practice guidelines we can trust. National Academies Press; Washington, DC,USA: 2011 [Google Scholar]
Shaneyfelt T. In guidelines we cannot trust: comment on "failure of clinical practice guidelines to meet Institute of Medicine Standards". Arch Intern Med 2012;1-2 [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Kushida C, Martin M, Nikam P, et al. Burden of restless legs syndrome on health-related quality of life. Qual Life Res 2007;16(4):617-24 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Lo Coco D, La Bella V. Fatigue, sleep, and nocturnal complaints in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 2012;19(5):760-3 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Kaminska M, Kimoff R, Benedetti A, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with fatigue in multiple sclerosis Mult Scler 2012;18(8):1159-69 [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Duncan B, White A, Rahman A. Acupuncture in the treatment of fibromyalgia in tertiary care--a case series. Acupunct Med 2007;25(4):137-47 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
White KP, Speechley M, Harth M, Ostbye T. Comparing self-reported function and work disability in 100 community cases of fibromyalgia syndrome versus controls in London, Ontario: the London Fibromyalgia Epidemiology Study. Arthritis Rheum 1999;42(1):76-83 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Ndao-Brumblay SK, Green CR. Racial differences in the physical and psychosocial health among black and white women with chronic pain. J Natl Med Assoc 2005;97(10):1369-77 [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Derogatis LR, Lipman RS, Covi L. SCL-90: an outpatient psychiatric rating scale – preliminary report. Psychopharmacol Bull 1973;9(1):13-28 [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
Ware JE Jr. SF-36 health survey update. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2000:25(24):3130-9 [Google Scholar]
Krupp LB, LaRocca NG, Muir-Nash J, Steinberg AD. The fatigue severity scale. Application to patients with multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Arch Neurol 1989;46(10):1121-3 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Burckhardt CS, Clark SR, Bennett RM. The fibromyalgia impact questionnaire: development and validation. J Rheumatol 1991;18(5):728-33 [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Fallon J, Bujak DI, Guardino S, Weinstein A. The Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire: a useful tool in evaluating patients with post-Lyme disease syndrome. Arthritis Care Res 1999;12(1):42-7 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Melzack R. The short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire. Pain 1987;30(2):191-7 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
....Ook zijn de artsen wispelturig bij de gebruikte testen bij de diagnosestelling. De ene keer wordt er een LTT test aangeraden (en wordt de 'betere/beste' test genoemd) van laboratoria in het buitenland. ...
Zo zwart/wit is het niet.
Wanneer je ooit eens zelf onder behandeling bent geweest v.e. ILADS werkende arts, zul je gaan begrijpen hoe het zit met bv het gebruik van antibioticum, de duur van je ziekte, de wel of niet aanwezige co infecties, o.a. en de invloed van ALLE testen hierop
Het ligt echt anders dan je hier zo kort door de bocht stelt
....En de andere keer is men weer overgestapt op zogenoemde 'nieuwe' testen die bij nadere bestudering experimentele of niet-gevalideerde testen ('Phelix Phage Borrelia test', 'Fish test'....
De fagen test kan ik niets over zeggen, want heb deze nooit gebruikt, maar de FISH is al veel langer in omloop ook voor borrelia, [ lees bv eens het oude lymeNet]
...'Phelix Phage Borrelia test' dat zelfs werd gepromoot in Nederland bij de ZonMw - Werksessie ME/CVS 4 november 2020 Utrecht...
Dat ZonMw zoiets promoot voor ME vind ik heel erg.
Men zou beter een onderzoek kunnen gaan starten voor de oorzaak van ME, want dat is nog steeds onbekend.
Begrijpelijk dat veel mensen met ME daar gehoor aan gaven, wel erg triest.
...Ook worden er afwisselend zogenoemde 'nieuwe' behandelingen voorgesteld en voorgeschreven. Bij nadere bestudering blijken dat regelmatig experimentele, kostbare (€10.000 - €20.000 (per jaar)), langdurige en niet-medische en niet-wetenschappelijke onderbouwde behandelingen te zijn....
Ik weet niet of je hier spreekt over ME of over borreliose
Maar in mijn geval [ borreliose ] heeft het bij lange na niet deze enorme bedragen gegeven.
Bovendien handelde mijn arts volgens de bekende literatuur.
Het enige wat zo duur kan zijn is wanneer je eoa uitgebreide kruiden therapie volgt, ik kan het me anders niet voorstellen dat het zoveel zou moeten kosten, antbioticum is in de regel heel goedkoop.
IV cef is wel duur, maar heeft geen zin voor Bartonella.
En bij een co infectie met bart heeft een iv behandeling ook niet veel zin.
Het is prettig wanner je zelf ook inleest en meedenkt ( als patient zijnde)
Ik vind het erg dat sommige ME patienten denken de ziekte van lyme te hebben
Het zijn twee totaal verschillende ziektes.
